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蒙古是人口販賣及仲介之國

Submitted by on 週三, 14 四月 2010One Comment

(翻譯:朱小艾|校對:鄭國威)

剛出社會到公司上班的人都會被分配到薪水較低的崗位。從而隨著年齡增長,實力提升,逐步一層層邁向更高的職位,並得到不錯的待遇。但為了到達那個階段,每個人都需要認真努力工作才能領到很好的薪資。有些人就是不想辛苦工作,而欺負家人,向朋友抱怨;或者想投機取巧來賺錢而走上了錯誤的道路。

錢這個東西可以使人努力工作,也能將人推向可怕之路。這一點表現在社會的黑暗面,就是販賣人口!侵犯與自己擁有相同權利的人的生命權、自由權,用盡不法手段,只為了自己的利益,毫無人道地將人當成物品販賣,真令人心痛。

新世代社會最主要的問題是什麼? 是錢嗎? 不是,是人類的發展!人類發展的基礎就是從小朋友開始。小朋友從小在健康的環境之下,受父母的呵護成長,才會有健康的人格,並擁有愛國之心。

蒙古最昂貴的財產,即是小朋友。1990年代蒙古出現的社會經濟機制變革,深深影響著小朋友的教育。我國落後的教育制度及小朋友輟學問題十分嚴重,造成許多負面影響。在經濟結構的改變過程當中,家庭關係,教育,需求,以及工作等問題出現。

我國很多家庭經濟實力不足,父母缺乏對孩子的關心,以負面態度與孩子溝通,使得很多小朋友離家出走,或是蒙受家庭暴力等等,社會負面問題與日俱增。在全球化的時代,第三世界國家可以得到已發展國家之援助,但很多不法人士,反而利用全球化的趨勢,跨國經營販賣人口的不法生意,擴張的速度之快,令人心慌。

販賣人口是從古代販賣奴隸機制而延伸至今的不法行為。17-18世紀時從北非販賣奴隸至南美洲國家。當時奴隸們在各種大農場被迫作工。北美洲則使喚奴隸在礦山挖礦。1850年代美國北部有4百萬奴隸。奴隸身份世襲,在當時很普遍。

1900年代開始出現「TRAFFICKING」一詞,即人口販賣。與白奴販賣息息相關。因為歐洲白色膚女性用移民至阿拉伯國家及東亞國家的名義,實際上在做賣淫工作,使得歐洲各國政府開始看重該問題。當時的TRAFFICKING的意思是指,女性被販賣而從事不道德行為,比方說賣身等。

在全球每1分鐘就有8個人被「出口」,或在境內被販賣,承受性剝削。世界上人口販賣與武器或毒品販賣等比起來,賺進的利潤非常高,一年平均可以賺1千億美金。販賣人口的不法行為裡面分為:「出口」、「仲介」、「接受」三種。蒙古人口的接收國為中國(二連、呼和浩特、北京)、馬來西亞、澳門、韓國、日本、土耳其、香港、新加坡、以色列、歐盟國家等。

誰都不想過苦日子。但我國人民的一個缺點就是以為誤以為能去國外工作就會變成有錢人。「為何其他人去國外可以賺很多錢回來,我就不行?」的想法,將他們推往黑暗地帶。

雖然我們常談論人口販賣,但實際上對於這方面的了解是非常短缺的。我在此介紹一下蒙古人口販賣史:之前蒙古的Tusheet 王,將自己的奴隸與她的8歲女兒一同騙到國境,並以高價販賣給當時中國一個姓鄧的有錢人 。2001年起,蒙古成了仲介之國,開始將蒙古女性販賣至中國、澳門、香港、韓國、新加坡、台灣、土耳其、以色列、日本、馬來西亞及歐盟國家。2001年的時候,我國販賣人口案件只有2起,但如今已達到300多起,不過這一切都還只是官方的統計,實際發生的案件可能比官方統計高出4倍以上。比方說:去年警察局統計有1000多名女性在國外賣身。但實際上單單在二連就有200到300人、澳門有500人、北京有300到500人,這些蒙古女性在夜店、三溫暖、按摩店、旅館、街道等場所賣身–這是非官方的統計。這當中70%是被迫而非自願。

通常受害人都是為了金錢而遭到如此的下場。大部分都是大學生,或者剛畢業即失業的年輕人。這跟蒙古根深蒂固的貧窮問題息息相關。性剝削、假結婚、被迫偷東西都是蒙古被販賣人口常見的結果。尤其是假結婚事件越來越多。95%都是女性,多數與韓國、日本、中國、德國、俄國、美國人假結婚。

蒙古人民以為到國外就可以賺到很多錢的觀念需要修正,以上事件足以證明這種想法是錯的。做了錯誤決定而後悔的人非常多,聽到他們訴苦,真令人心痛。

比方說,一位移民到摩爾多瓦的蒙古女性,就遭遇到了這種事。「她到國外之後4年內被販賣了18次,為了賺錢,她伺候有錢人,並遭受各種侮辱,到最後難以忍受而回到蒙古」。想要賺錢的女性被免費仲介公司欺騙賣至國外。這些人逼迫帶出去的蒙古女性賣身也是販賣人口的另一種形式,或是威脅他們做苦力,販賣他們的器官等等,在報紙上也鬧得沸沸揚揚。最近幾年,還流行對遊民下手的形式。他們為了賺錢在國外受盡折磨的遭遇使得我非常痛心。

哪裡有法律漏洞,哪裡的法律執行效果不彰,那裡就會發生許多犯罪事件。販賣人口的集團會對貧窮及流浪街頭的孩子下手,是因為這些人無依無靠,也沒有人會注意他們。據官方統計,在國內人口販賣事件的比例站所有人口販賣案件的30%,販賣至國外的比例是70%。

本人在此代表全蒙古人民2百70萬人口,請求政府單位,可否請你們與民間單位合作,解救在國外受苦受折磨到不行,且非常想回國的人民,想辦法讓他們回國!讓他們脫離地獄般的生活?

導致這些問題發生的主要原因,的確就是受全球矚目的貧窮問題、失業問題及經濟不穩定。就2003年貧困調查結果來看,蒙古只有36.1%的人擁有穩定經濟實力;蒙古國共有54萬1千1百家戶,烏蘭巴托市就佔了16萬1千3百家戶,每10個家戶當中有1家戶屬於貧窮或極貧困,這數據真的很恐怖。

為了防止社會黑暗面的興盛,支持工業發展,提供工作崗位給人民,讓他們靠自己的力量生活,給予他們一個穩定的謀生環境,才能穩定社會及經濟狀況,才可以阻止人民走向危險之路。防止販賣人口事件,需要你我的參與,支持與協助。讓我們同心協力阻止這一切的發生,找回安穩的生活環境。

One Comment »

  • Boum said:

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